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HORT410 - Vegetable Crops
Phaseolus Beans - Notes
Common name: French bean, snap bean, bush bean, pole bean, common bean, kidney bean, pinto bean.
Latin name: Phaseolus vulgaris L.
Family: Leguminosae (Fabaceae) [Fabaceae Images].
Good sources of vegetable protein; important food staples.
Close relative: broad bean, Scotch or Windsor bean, Vicia faba.
Origin: Central and S. America; widely disseminated in N. and S. America before European exploration.
French beans brought to Europe in the early 16th century.
Bean history (TAMU).
Snap beans are consumed as the immature pods. String, stringless, and wax beans are varieties of the snap bean. Grown for fresh market, canning or freezing.
Green shell beans are eaten as full-size, immature beans removed from pods.
Dry shell, or kidney beans are used in the mature, dry form. Dry bean types include pinto, navy, Great Northern, red kidney, and pink beans.
Annuals.
Warm season.
Dicotyledons.
Self-pollinating.
Determinate (bush-type) or indeterminate (twining or pole-type) types.
Leaves have three leaflets.
Flowers are of many colors [19KB image of a typical snap bean flower].
Pod may be round, oval, or flat in shape; green, yellow, or red in color.
The four major cultivated species of Phaseolus bean:
- Phaseolus vulgaris = French bean, snap bean, bush bean, pole bean, common bean, kidney bean, pinto bean.
- Phaseolus coccineus (syn. multiflorus) = scarlet runner bean [bee-pollinated].
- Phaseolus lunatus (limensis) = lima bean, butter bean.
- Phaseolus acutifolius = tepary bean.
Major diseases of beans in the Midwest:
Major insect pests of beans in the Midwest:
Minor insect pests of beans in the Midwest:
(see: ID-56: Midwest Vegetable Production Guide for Commercial Growers 2003 - Beans (PURDUE) [pdf] for information on snap bean, dry bean and lima bean varieties, spacing, seeding, irrigation, fertilizing, disease, weed and insect control recommendations for the Midwest)
Sources of information:
Flood, B., Hein, G., Weinzierl, R. Beans. In "Vegetable Insect Management With Emphasis on the Midwest" (ed. R. Foster, B. Flood), Meister Publishing Co., Willoughby, Ohio, pp. 41-54 (1995).
Nonnecke, I.L. "Vegetable Production", Van Nostrand Reinhold, NY (1989).
Phillips, R., Rix, M. "The Random House Book of Vegetables", Random House, NY (1993).
Maynard, D.N. Bean. In "The Software Toolworks Multimedia Encyclopedia", Version 1.5, Grolier, Inc. (1992).
Lorenz, O,A. Lima bean. In "The Software Toolworks Multimedia Encyclopedia", Version 1.5, Grolier, Inc. (1992).
Baudoin, J.P. Lima bean, Phaseolus lunatus L. In "Genetic Improvement of Vegetable Crops", (ed. G. Kalloo, B.O. Bergh), Pergamon Press, Oxford, U.K., pp. 391-403 (1993).
Kalloo, G. Runner bean, Phaseolus coccineus L. In "Genetic Improvement of Vegetable Crops", (ed. G. Kalloo, B.O. Bergh), Pergamon Press, Oxford, U.K., pp. 405-407 (1993).
Midwest Vegetable Production Guide for Commercial Growers, ID-56, eds. R. Foster, D. Egel, E. Maynard, R. Weinzierl, H. Taber, L.W. Jett, B. Hutchinson, Purdue University Cooperative Extension Service, 2003.
Adsule, R.N., Deshpande, S.S., Sathe, S.K. French bean. In "Handbook of Vegetable Science and Technology: Production, Composition, Storage, and Processing", (ed. D.K. Salunkhe, S.S. Kadam), Marcel Dekker, Inc., NY, pp. 457-469 (1998).
Kadam, S.S., Chavan, J.K. Other legumes. In "Handbook of Vegetable Science and Technology: Production, Composition, Storage, and Processing", (ed. D.K. Salunkhe, S.S. Kadam), Marcel Dekker, Inc., NY, pp. 471-492 (1998).
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