Comments on a Possible Kelp Gull or Kelp x Herring Gull Backcross

                by Ed Hopkins, West Lafayette, Indiana, USA


     An mystery gull of sorts was observed on the Lake Michigan beach in Indiana Dunes State Park (SP) on
16 October 2004 until 9:30 AM.  The park is located in northern Porter County, Indiana, USA, about 1.5
miles north of Chesterton at the end Highway SR49.

     What was, initially, thought to be a Greater Black-backed Gull.  It stood on the beach about 400 yards east
of our position, which was on top of the park's bath house.  It might have, first, been sighted around 8:00 AM. 
An adult Lesser Black-backed Gull and numerous Ring-billed and Herring Gulls (HERG) lined the beach directly
to our north.

      The black-backed bird worked its way to a position straight north of us.  When it joined the flock of mixed
gulls, we noticed that it was the same size as the Herring Gulls.  The bird's legs were a bluish-tinged gray color. 
It had a band on the left leg.  Its bill was thicker than nearby Herring Gulls.  It had small white tips to the black
primaries.  The outer primary, p10, was blackish on the underside and had a white mirror or oval shaped area
about an inch from the tip.  The bird's head was much flatter than the nearby Herring Gulls.  The angle starting at
the base of the bill was very shallow.  The ridge over the eye was very pronounced giving the eye a "mean" or
squinting appearance.  The eye was light, but I could not be certain that is was yellow.  The head, tail and under
body were an unmarked white color.

     When the bird flew away from some beach walkers, the flight feathers appeared black.  Primaries, p1 through
p5 or p6, had been molted.  The wing looked rather paddle shaped because the most recently replaced primaries
were shorter.  The trailing edge of the secondaries formed a narrow, white border.  The wing coverts and back
were a very dark-slate black color.

     Our first though was that the bird was a Kelp Gull (KEGU) or a backcross of some combination of Kelp Gull
and Herring Gull.  See a discussion of the Louisiana birds on the web page at:

                    http://losbird.org/los_news_181_98july.htm

The only deviating field mark for Kelp Gull that we noticed was the narrower than expected trailing edge to the
secondaries.  I was in the company of Ken Brock, Susan Bagby and John Cassady.  You can form your
own opinion from the following digiscoped pictures.

                  

Fig. 1 - This is a side view of a possible KEGU or backcross that was digiscoped at Indiana Dunes SP on
16 October 2004.  It is in the company of two HERGs which are similar in size to it.

                   

Fig. 2 - This is an exploded and brightened view of the primary tips on p7-p10 on the possible KEGU or
backcross.  The upper side of the tips have minimal white.  The under side of p10 has a whitish oval about
an inch from the tip.

                

Fig. 3 - This view of the possible KEGU or backcross shows the bluish-tinged gray legs.

                 

Fig. 4 - This another view of the possible KEGU or backcross shows the bluish-tinged gray legs and the band.
If we were only closer and could have read the band to what information would it have led us?

Bibliography -

Cassady, John, "Mystery Gull" (Adult) - Indiana Dunes State Park, Chesterton, Indiana - October 16, 2004,
http://www.jkcassady.com/gallery/oddgull.htm

Dittman, Donna L. and Cardiff, Steven W., Kelp Gull and Herring x Kelp Gull hybrids: a new saga in gull ID
problems, http://losbird.org/los_news_181_98july.htm

Olsen, Klaus M. and Larsson, Hans, Gulls of North America, Europe, and Asia, Princeton University Press,
Princeton and Oxford, 2002 (recalled volume), pages 141-150