The Titan Prometheus, chained to a rock in the Caucasus Mountains as punishment for stealing fire from Olympus, lists his many contributions to the human race. This passage, from a play by the great tragedian Aeschylus (525-465 BCE), is a touchstone for what fifth-century Athenians considered the quintessential signs of human culture.
 

"Now hear what troubles there were among men, how I found them witless and gave them the use of their wits and made them masters of their minds... For men at first had eyes but saw to no purpose; they had ears but did not hear. Like the shapes of dreams they dragged through their long lives and handled everything in bewilderment and confusion. They did not know of building houses with bricks to face the sun; they did not know how to work in wood. They lived like swarming ants in holes in the ground, in the sunless caves of the earth. For them there was no secure token by which to tell winter nor the flowering spring nor the summer with its crops. All their doings were indeed without intelligent calculation until I showed them the rising of the stars, and the settings, hard to observe. And further I showed them numbering, preeminent among subtle devices, and the combining of letters as a means of remembering all things—the Muses’ mother, skilled in craft. It was I who first yoked beasts for them in the yokes and made of those beasts the slaves of trace-chain and pack saddle, so that they might be man’s substitute in the hardest tasks. And I harnessed to the carriage, so that they loved the rein, horses, the crowning pride of the rich man's luxury. It was I and none other who discovered ships, the sail-driven wagons that the sea buffets. Such were the contrivances I discovered for man....

"Hear the rest, and you will marvel even more at the crafts and resources I contrived. Greatest was this: in former times if a man fell sick he had no defense against the sickness, neither healing food nor drink, nor unguent; but through lack of drugs men wasted away, until I showed them the blending of mild simples with which to drive out all manner of diseases. It was I who arranged all the ways of seercraft, and determined what things come true from dreams, and gave meaning for men to the ominous cries, hard to interpret. It was I who set in order the omens of the highway and the flight of crooked-taloned birds—which of them were propitious or lucky by nature, what kind of life each lead, what their mutual hates, loves, and companionships were. I also taught the smoothness of the vital organs and what color they should be to please the gods, and the dappled beauty of the gall and the lobe. It was I who burned thighs wrapped in fat and the long shank bone, and set mortals on the road to this murky craft. So much for these. Beneath the earth, man's hidden blessing, copper, iron, silver and gold—will anyone claim to have discovered these before I did? No one, I am very sure, who wants to speak truly and to the purpose. One brief word will tell the whole story: all crafts that mortals have came from Prometheus!"