OUTBREAK AND OUTCOME OF FIRST CIVIL WAR (88-84 BC)

91 BC, M. Livius Drusus, tr. pl. 91 BC, pork barrel; wanted to offer citizenship to the Italians;

Social War, Rebellion of the Italian allies 90-82 BC

Cilician Piracy -- 139 BC - 67 BC

90 outbreak of the Social War; 89 BC Senate offered citizenship to all Italians who submit to Roman rule; census of 86 BC (under the Marian regime, citizen rolls burgeoned from 400000 to 600000)

88 BC, King Mithradates VI of Pontus invaded province of Asia; Philhellene; Asian Vespers, 80,000 Romans and Italians murdered by angry provincials with the support of King Mithradates

First Mithradatic War 89-84 BC

Elections of 88 BC: L. Cornelius Sulla, cos. 88 BC; praetor 93 BC; popular tribune named Sulpicius Rufus passed legislation giving C. Marius the command; commanders in the field were L. Julius Caesar and P. Rutilius Lupus cos. 90 (both killed, leaving Marius in command of the northern army; his imperium was not renewed);

88 BC according to the Lex Sempronia de Provincibus, L. Sulla won the election and the right to command the Mithradatic War; However P. Sulpicius Rufus tr. pl. 88 BC, had the plebeian assembly award the command of the Mithradatic War to C. Marius. He used his "anti-Senate" to cause disturbances in the assembly, Sulla’s son-in-law was murdered in the melee and Sulla had to flee to Marius’ house to escape. He left the city and roused his army in Campania to march on Rome.

first Civil War – 88-84 BC – L. Sulla won; and had himself appointed dictator

Caesar married Cornelia the daughter of L. Cornelius Cinna cos. 86 BC;

L. Licinius Lucullus, quaestor with Sulla in 88 BC-81BC

Asian Indemnities of Sulla, 20,000 talents, 14 years later, even though the provincial cities had paid 40,000 talents to Rome, they owed in 74 BC 120,000 talents

desultor belli civilis: P. Sergius Catalina, P. Licinius Crassus, cos 70, 55 BC; Consular colleague of Cn. Pompeius Magnus – extraordinary commands; Spartacus 72 BC

Sallust , the Histories